THE QUESTION OF RACE CONFLICT IN SOUTH AFRICA RESULTING FROM THE POLICIES OF APARTHEID OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA40

In the course of its meetings in Africa,41 the Security Council adopted the following resolution relating to this question.
Resolution 3ll (1972)
of 4 February 1972
The Security Council, Noting with grave concern the aggravation of the situation in South Africa resulting from the continued intensification and expansion of the policies of apartheid and repression by the Government of South Africa, Having heard the statements of those individuals invited to address the Council on this question, Taking note of the statement of the representative of the Special Committee on Apartheid,42 Deploring the persistent refusal of the Government of South Africa to implement the resolutions adopted by the Security Council in order to promote a peaceful solution in accordance with the Charter of the Uni~ed Nations, Gravely concerned that the situation in South Africa seriously disturbs international peace and security in southern Africa, Noting the continued military build-up and strengthening of its military capability by the Government of South Africa,
40 Resolutions or decisions on this question were also adopted by the Council in 1963, 1964 and 1970.
41 See above, pages 2 and 3. 42 See Official Records of the Security Council, Twentyseventh Year, 1628th meeting.

Convinced that urgent measures must be taken by the Security Council to secure implementation of its resolutions and thereby promote a solution to the grave situation in South Africa and southern Africa,
1. Condemns the Government of South Africa for continuing its policies of apartheid in violation of its obligations under the Charter of the United Nations;
2. Reiterates its total opposition to the policies of apartheid of the Government of South Africa;
3. Recognizes the legitimacy of the struggle of the oppressed people of South Africa in pursuance of their human and political rights, as set forth in the Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights;
4. Urgently calls upon the Government of South Africa to release all persons imprisonned, interned or subjected to other restrictions as a result of the policies of apartheid;
5. Calls upon all States to observe strictly the arms embargo against South Africa;
6. Urges Governments and individuals to contribute generously and regularly to the United Nations funds which are used for humanitarian and training purposes to assist the victims of apartheid;
7. Commends the inter-governmental organizations, non-governmental organizations and individuals for assisting in the education and training of South Africans and urges those who do not to begin and those who do to expand their efforts in this field;
8. Decides, as a matter of urgency, to examine methods of resolving the present situation arising out out of the policies of apartheid of the Government of South Africa.
Adopted at the 1639th meeting by 14 votes to none, with 1 abstention (France).

QUESTION CONCERNING THE SITUATION IN TERRITORIES UNDER PORTUGUESE ADMINISTRATION43

In the course of its meetings in Africa,44 the Security Council adopted the following resolution relating to this question.
43 Resolutions or decisions on this question were also adopted by the Council in 1963.
44 See above, pages 2 and 3.

Resolution 312 (1972)
of 4 February 1972
The Security Council, Having reviewed the situation in the African territories under Portuguese administration,

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Having heard the statements of those individuals invited to address the Council on this question,
Taking note of the statement of the Chairman of the Special Committee on the situation with regard to the Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples,45
Gravely concerned that the Government of Portugal is continuing its measures of repression in its military operations against the African peoples of Angola, Mozambique and Guinea (Bissau), in order to suppress the legitimate aspirations of the peoples for s,elf-determination and independence,
Deploring the refusal of the Government of Portugal to implement the pertinent resolutions of the Security Council, adopted on the question of the Territories under Portuguese administration, in accordance with the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations,
Further deploring the policies and actions of those States which continue to provide Portugal with military and other assistance, which it uses to pursue its colonial and repressive policies against the peoples of Angola, Mozambique and Guinea (Bissau),
Seriously concerned at the repeated violations by the armed forces of Portugal of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of independent African States,
Deeply disturbed at the reported use of chemical substances by Portugal in its colonial wars against the peoples of Angola, Mozambique and Guinea (Bissau),
Recognizing the legitimacy of the struggle of the liberation movements in Angola, Mozambique and Guinea (Bissau) in their demand for the achievement of self-determination and independence,
1. Reaffirms the inalienable right of the peoples of Angola, Mozambique and Guinea (Bissau) to selfdetermination and independence, as recognized by the General Assembly in its resolution 1514 (XV) of 14 December 1960, and recognizes the legitimacy of their struggle to achieve that right;
2. Condemns the persistent refusal of the Government of Portugal to implement General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV) and all other relevant resolutions of the Security Council;
3. Again affirms that the situation resulting from the policies of Portugal both in its colonies and in its constant provocations against the neighbouring States seriously disturbs international peace and security in the African continent;
4. Calls upon Portugal:
(a) To recognize immediately the right of the peoples of the Territories under its administration to selfdetermination and independence, in accordance with General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV);
(b) To cease immediately the colonial wars and all acts of repression against the peoples of Angola, Mozambique and Guinea (Bissau);
(c) To withdraw all its armed forces as presently employed for the purpose of the repression of the peoples of Angola, Mozambique and Guinea (Bissau);

(d) To promulgate an unconditional political amnesty and the restoration of democratic political rights;
(e) To transfer power to political institutions freely elected and representative of the peoples, in accordance with General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV);
5. Again calls upon Portugal to refrain from any violations of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of African States;
6. Calls upon all States to refrain forthwith from offering the Portuguese Government any assistance which would enable it to continue its repression of the peoples of the Territories under its administration, and to take all the necessary measures to prevent the sale and supply of arms and military equipment to the Portuguese Government for this purpose, including the sale and shipment of equipment and materials for the manufacture and maintenance of arms and ammunition to be used in the Territories under Portuguese administration;
7. Requests the Secretary-General to follow the implementation of the present resolution and report to the Security Council from time to time.
Adopted at the J639tlz meeting by 9 votes to none, with 6 abstentions (Argentina, Belgium, France, Italy, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America).
Decisions
At its 1672nd meeting, on 15 November 1972, the Council decided to invite the representatives of Burundi, Ethiopia, Liberia, Madagascar, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, the United Republic of Tanzania, Tunisia and Saudi Arabia to participate, without vote, in the discussion of the item entitled "Question concerning the situation in the Territories under Portuguese administration: letter dated 7 November 1972, addressed to the President of the Security Council by the representatives of Algeria, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Congo, Dahomey, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, the Ivory Coast, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, the Libyan Arab Republic, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, the Niger, Nigeria, R wanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, the Sudan, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, the Upper Volta, Zaire and Zambia (S/10828)".46
At the same meeting, the Council decided, upon the request of the delegations of Somalia and the Sudan,47

45 See Official Records of the Security Council, Twentyseventh Year, 1629th meeting.

46 Ibid., Twenty-seventh Year, Supplement for October, No-
\'ember and December 1972. 47 !hid., document S/10830.

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