Bearing in mind the report transmitted by the SecretaryGeneral on 20 March 1991,53
1. Condemns the repression of the Iraqi civilian population in many parts of Iraq, including most recently in Kurdishpopulated areas, the consequences of which threaten international peace and security in the region;
2. Demands that Iraq, as a contribution to removing the threat to international peace and security in the region, immediately end this repression, and in the same context expresses the hope that an open dialogue will take place to ensure that the human and political rights of all Iraqi citizens are respected;
3. Insists that Iraq allow immediate access by international humanitarian organizations to all those in need of assistance in all parts of Iraq and make available all necessary facilities for their operations;
4. Requests the Secretary-General to pursue his humanitarian efforts in Iraq and to report forthwith, if appropriate on

the basis of a further mission to the region, on the plight of the Iraqi civilian population, and in particular the Kurdish population, suffering from the repression in all its forms inflicted by the Iraqi authorities;
5. Also requests the Secretary-General to use all the resources at his disposal, including those of the relevant United Nations agencies, to address urgently the critical needs of the refugees and displaced Iraqi population;
6. Appeals to all Member States and to ail humanitarian organizations to contribute to these humanitarian relief efforts;
7. Demands that Iraq cooperate with the SecretaryGeneral to these ends;
8. Decides to remain seiZed of the matter.
Adopted at the 2982nd m«ting by 10 votes to 3 (Cuba, Yemen, Zimba~). with 2 abstentions (China, India).

CENTRAL AMERICA: EFFORTS TOWARDS PEACE12S

Decisions

At its 2986th meeting, on 6 May 1991, the Council
discussed the item entitled "Central America: efforts towards peace - report of the Secretary-General (S/22543)".7

In a letter dated 22 April 1991,116 the Secretary-General informed the Security Council that the tour of duty of Brigadier-General Lewis Mackemie, who had been serving as acting Chief Military Observer since 18 December 1990, would come to an end on 13 May 1991 and that following the usual consultations with the parties concemed, it was his intention to appoint Brigadier-General Victor Suanzes Pardo (Spain) to the post of Chief Military Observer of the United Nations Observer Group in Central America as from 13 May 1991, subject to extension of the mandate of the Group. The Government of Spain had informed the Secretary-General that it was prepared to make the services of Brigadier-General Suanzes available to the United Nations.

Resolution 691 (1991)
ot6 May 1991
The Security Council,
Recalling its resolutions 637 (1989) of 27 July 1989, 644 (1989) of 7 November 1989 and 675 (1990) of 5 November 1990, as well as the statement made by the President of the Security Council on its behalf on 7 November 1989,123
1. Approves the report of the Secretary-General of 29 April 1991;129

In a letter dated 24 April 1991,127 the President of the Council informed the Secretary-General as follows:
"I have the honour to inform you that your letter dated 22 April1991126 concerning your intention to appoint Brigadier-General Victor Suames Pardo (Spain) to the post of Chief Military Observer of the United Nations Observer Group in Central America has been brought to the attention ofthe members of the Security Council. They agree with the proposal contained in your letter."

2. Decides to extend, under its authority, the mandate of the United Nations Observer Group in Central America, as defined in resolution 644 (1989), for a further period of six months, that is until 7 November 1991, bearing in mind the report of the Secretary-General and the need to continue to monitor expenditures carefully during this period of increasing demands on peace-keeping resources;
3. Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Security C'..ouncil fully informed of further developments and to report

32

on all aspects of the operations of the Group before the expiry of the new mandate period.
Adopted wwnimously al the 2986th meeting.
Decision
At its 2988th meeting, on 20 May 1991, the Council discussed the item entitled "Central America: efforts towards peace - reports of the Secretary-General (S/22031.130 S/22494 and Corr.l and Add.l)".7
Resolution 693 (1991) of 20 May 1991
The Security Council,
Recalling its resolution 637 (1989) of27 July 1989, in which it lent its full support to the Secretary-General for the continuation of his mission of good offices in Central America,
Recalling also the Geneva Agreement of 4 April 1990131 and the Caracas Agenda of21 May 1990132 concluded between the Government of El Salvador and the Frente Farabundo Marti para la Liberaci6n Nacional,
Deeply concerned at the persistence of and the increase in the climate of violence in El Salvador, which seriously affects the civilian population, and thus stressing the importance of the full implementation of the Agreement on Human Rights signed by the two parties at San Jose on 26 July 1990133,
Welcoming the Mexico Agreements between the two parties of 27 April 1991.134
Having considered the reports of the Secretary-General of 21 December 1990135 and 16 April and 20 May 1991/36
Commending the Secretary-General and his Personal Representative for Central America for their efforts at good offices, and expressing its full support for their continuing efforts to facilitate a peaceful settlement to the conflict in El Salvador,
Underlining the great importance that it attaches to the exercise ofmoderation and restraint by both sides to ensure the security of all United Nations-employed personnel as well as to the adoption by them of all other appropriate and necessary measures to facilitate the negotiations leading to the [.chievement of the objectives set forth in the Geneva and other abovementioned agreements as soon as possible, including their full cooperation with the Secretary-General and his Personal Representative to this end,
Recognizing the right of the parties to determine their own negotiating process,

Calling upon both parties to pursue the current negotiations urgently and with flexibility, in a concentrated format on the items agreed upon in the Caracas Agenda, in order to reach, as a matter of priority, a political agreement on the anned forces and the accords necessary for t.he cessation of the armed confrontation and to achieve as soon as possible thereafter a process which will lead to the establishment of the necessary guarantees and conditions for reintegrating the members of the Frt'nte Farabundo Martf para la Liberaci6n Nacional within a framework of full legality into the civil, institutional and politJcJI life of the country.
Expressing its conviction that a peaceful settlement in El Salvador will contribute to a successful outcome in the Central American peace process,
1 Approves the report of the Secretary-General of 16 April and 20 May 19<1 1;136
2. Decides to establish, under its authority and based on the Secretai)·-C':reneral's report referred to in paragraph 1, a United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador to monitor all agreements concluded between the two parties, whose initial mandate in its first phase as an integrated peace-keeping operation will be to verity the compliance by the parties with the Agreement on Human Rights signed at San Jose on 26 July 1990,133 and also decides that the subsequent tasks or phases of the Mission will be suhject to approval by the Council;
3. Also decides that the United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador will be established for an initial period of twelve months;
4. Requests the Secretary-General to take the necessary measures to establish the first phase of the Mission as described in paragraphs 2 and ~;
5. Calls upon both parties, as agreed by them, to pursue a continuous process of negotiations in order to reach at the earliest possible date the objectives set forth in the Mexico Agreements of 27 April 1991134 and all other objectiVes contained in the Geneva Agreement of 4 April 1990,131 and to this end to cooperate fully with the Secretary-General and his Personal RepresentatiVe in their efforts;
6. Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Security Council fully informed on the implementation of the present resolution.
Adopll'd unanimously tll the 2988th
meetin,~
Decisions
In a letter dated 26 June 1991137 addressed to the President of the Security Council for the attention of the members ofthe Council, the Secretary-General referred to resolution 693 (1991) of 20 May 1991, by which the Council had decided to establish, under its authority and based on the SecretaryC':reneral's report of It. April and 20 May 1991/36 a United

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